Aorto-oesophageal fistula from miliary tuberculosis: a rare cause of massive haematemesis.

Dear Editor, Aorto-oesophageal fi stula (AEF) is a rare surgical emergency that is often lethal. Primary causes described include thoracic aortic aneurysm1 and carcinoma of the oesophagus.2 Secondary causes include foreign body ingestion3 such as chicken and fish bones, surgical instrumentation, and procedures such as oesophageal biopsy,4 and erosion from aortic bypass grafts.5 In this case report, we describe a patient with AEF who presented with massive haematemesis from an oesophageal lesion found on endoscopy.